droger的資訊心得整理

其實從HTC被Apple告，然後必須跟微軟簽約的時候，就有很深刻的感覺，因為Android在軟體上實現了太多iPhone上的介面設計和創意，於是變成要採用Android的人，自己的專利實力要夠強，不然小公司就一樣會相同面臨到被微軟、Apple或其他廠商告的情況。於是，如果開源碼如果要站到主流市場當中，大概只有二條路。一個是繼續像現在依附在大公司的專利保護下，例如MeeGo和LiMo，MeeGo因為是由Intel和Nokia組成；並由Linux基金會所推廣的嵌入式系統。

所以現在他們推廣讓中小軟硬體商使用的最大宣傳點，就是至少Intel/Nokia/Linux基金會給予的專利保護，是相對於Google能給OHA成員多上很多。而LiMo手機系統聯盟，最後的機會大概也就是這部份，雖然LiMo的使用真的相對低很多。畢竟LiMo當中，許多都是電信營運商，像微軟或Apple這類型獨立運作的軟硬體商，比較不會敢去動到掌握通路的電信商地盤。

而另一條路，就是必須走出自己的風格，其實很多開源碼硬體都已經有做到這部份，並且也已經具有一定的商業規模，比如Arduino，雖然他們還是小眾的硬體開發市場。在專利方面，則必須建立在大量已經轉為公共領域的專利或智財基礎下去做創新，而且在創新的同時搶先發佈並留下十足的關鍵證據(比如開發文件的保留，以利對於後續註冊專利者的無效定讞)。

以Ubuntu來說，雖然新推出的Unity很美，可是卻用到了Dock元素，Mac OS X的Dock是有拿到專利的，這樣在將來，假使其他廠商大量採用了有Unity介面的Ubuntu作為Netbook出貨欲裝系統時，就會出現是否會有專利侵權的疑慮。此時就變成要從NeXTStep衍生成OpenStep/GNUStep時，是否已經構成放棄專利和成為先前技術存在的證據，來去對OSX Dock專利來做專利無效的攻擊，才有辦法解決這個問題。

然而這種時候，其實Ubuntu就應該做不同方式的發想，例如開啟的軟體不一定要使用Dock的型式。也許可以像呼叫Widget層一樣，呼叫出Ubuntu Remix。

或是像Flickr上有人創作，將OLPC百元筆電當中所使用的Sugar介面改造成桌上系統使用的軟體介面，就是一個更好的發想。而這些都是自由軟體具有自己獨創風格的功能和介面，並且也比較不會讓自己的後續作品招惹上專利官司的煩惱。

由於軟體專利是一種使用方法的註冊機制，不同於硬體專利可被迴避的空間較大。所以在軟體專利被FSF推動專利革命成功之前，擁有軟體專利的封閉軟體商們依舊會對開源碼造成威脅。然而自由軟體的好處，就是擁有可被自由地再創造的優勢。而再創新及改進，其實就是目前Apple能夠成為3C業界所爭相模仿抄襲的原因，他們將設計的思考運用在使用和商業模式的修正和改造，然而其實自由軟體在這上面應該會比一間商業公司擁有更好的先天優勢來實現，雖然自己沒有實力去實現它，但是也只能期許將來的自由軟體開發商，能夠有更高一層的思考，與其再持續的跟在封閉軟體的後面走，不如自己走出一條更好的道路，就像Linux之所以能在伺服器和嵌入式市場上橫行，不也是在其自由性的優勢上所發展出來的嗎？

translate by google translate

Personal impressions: the mainstream commercial open source should be more their style of innovation

In fact, Apple has been reported from HTC, and then be signed with Microsoft when there is a very deep feeling, because Android is implemented in the software interface on the iPhone too much design and creativity, so people will have to use Android, their own strength to be strong enough patent, or that small companies will be the same as faced by Microsoft, Apple or other manufacturers reported the situation. Thus, if the open source if you want to stop into the mainstream market, probably only two way. One is to continue as they are now attached to the company's patent protection in large, for example MeeGo and LiMo, MeeGo because it is composed of Intel and Nokia; by the Linux Foundation to promote embedded system.

So now they are so small hardware and software providers use to promote the greatest propaganda point is at least Intel / Nokia / Linux Foundation grant of patent protection, as opposed to more than Google can give many members of OHA. The LiMo Mobile Systems Alliance, which is probably the last chance this part, although the use of LiMo really relatively much lower. LiMo, after all, many of these are telecom operators, such as Microsoft or Apple operating this type of independent hardware and software providers, compared to the control channel does not dare to move the carrier site. 

Another way is to come out of their style, in fact, many open source hardware already has done this part, and also has a certain degree of commercial scale , such as Arduino , although they still a small minority of hardware development market. In the patent context, must be established in a large number of public domain has become the basis of patents or intellectual property continue to do innovative and creative in the same time in the first to leave full of Guan Jian Fa Bu and the evidence (Biru Kaifawenjian reservations to the benefit Duiyu up Zhuce patents are invalid is rendered).

To Ubuntu, although the new Unity beautiful, but they use the Dock elements, Mac OS X's Dock is to get a patent , so in the future, if a large number of others have used Ubuntu for Netbook Unity interface For ship loading system, there will be doubts whether there will be patent infringement. At this point it becomes from the NeXTStep Yansheng Cheng OpenStep / GNUStep, whether already constitute a waiver of a prior art patent and there is evidence, do come and go on the OSX Dock patent invalid patent attack, only way to solve this problem.

But this time, in fact, Ubuntu should do the hair in different ways like, for example, do not have to use the software to open the Dock of the type. Widget layer may be the same as the call, call out the Ubuntu Remix.

Or like Flickr, it was created , the OLPC hundred laptop which usesSugar interface to transform into a desktop system using the software interface is a better fat to. These are all free software has its own unique style, functionality and interfaces, and also less likely to provoke their own follow-up work on the patent case of trouble.

As the use of software patents is a method of registration system, the hardware is different from the patent could be avoided larger space. Therefore, software patents were before the FSF to promote the success of the patent revolution has closed software business software patents are still a threat will be open source. However, the benefits of free software that has to be free to re-create the advantage. The re-innovation and improvement, in fact, Apple is now competing to become the 3C industry because of plagiarism, they will use design thinking and business models in the use of correction and rehabilitation, Raner fact, free software in it would be better than a commercial companies have an advantage to achieve better, although he had no power to realize it, but can only expect the future of free software developers to have a higher level of thinking, then continued with the Genzai go behind closed software's , as its a better way out, just as Linux is able to and embedded in the server market run amok, and not also the advantage of their freedom on the development of out of it?